The treatment of forgetfulness or memory disorders in humans depends on the underlying cause. It is essential to distinguish between normal age-related forgetfulness and more serious disorders (such as dementia, Alzheimer’s, neurodegenerative diseases, etc.). Here is a structured approach to tackling the problem:
1. Initial stage: Assess the cause of the disorder:
Medical consultation:
A doctor should assess the overall state of health to rule out potentially serious causes, such as:
Neurological diseases (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, vascular dementia).
Metabolic disorders (vitamin B12 and D deficiencies, hypothyroidism).
Cardiovascular problems (hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, which can reduce the blood supply to the brain).
Psychiatric disorders (depression, stress, anxiety, burnout).
Side-effects of medication (certain antihypertensives, antidepressants, etc.).
Excessive consumption of alcohol or drugs.
Sleep problems (sleep apnoea, insomnia).
Recommended tests: blood test, MRI or brain scan, cognitive tests (memory, attention, etc.), psychological assessment.
2. Prevention and cognitive improvement strategies:
a. Adopt a healthy lifestyle:
A balanced diet:
Eat a Mediterranean diet rich in :
Antioxidants (fruit, vegetables, spices such as turmeric).
Omega-3 (oily fish, walnuts, flaxseed).
Antioxidants and vitamins (vitamin E, C, B12, D).
Fibre and complex carbohydrates (vegetables, wholegrain cereals).
Limit ultra-processed foods, sugar and saturated fats.
Regular physical activity:
Take 30 to 45 minutes of moderate exercise (walking, swimming, cycling) 5 times a week. Physical activity improves cerebral blood circulation and stimulates neurogenesis (the formation of new brain cells).
Quality sleep :
Get 7 to 8 hours of sleep a night. A good night’s sleep is essential for consolidating memories. Avoid screens before bedtime and maintain a regular routine.
Stress management:
Practise relaxation techniques (meditation, yoga, deep breathing) to reduce cortisol, a hormone associated with memory impairment.
b. Stimulate the brain:
Cognitive activities:
Memory and problem-solving exercises (puzzles, crosswords, sudoku, board games, learning a new instrument or language).
Lifelong learning:
Engaging in activities requiring a new skill (online courses, professional training, etc.) to stimulate brain plasticity.
Reading and intellectual stimulation:
Read books, listen to podcasts, discuss complex subjects to maintain brain activity.
c. Social and emotional commitment:
Social relationships:
Stay connected with friends, family or social groups. Isolation is associated with accelerated cognitive decline.
Social activities:
Participate in clubs, trips, or volunteer work to maintain an active mind.
3. Medical treatment (in severe cases):
If the disorder is of medical or neurological origin, a doctor may prescribe :
Drugs for dementia :
Cholinesterase inhibitors (e.g. donepezil, rivastigmine) for Alzheimer’s patients.
Memantine (for moderate to severe forms).
Treatment of underlying causes:
Control diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol.
Treating depression or anxiety (antidepressants, psychotherapy).
Correct vitamin deficiencies (B12, D3, etc.).
Recent experiments:
Therapies targeting the amyloid protein or tau for early forms of Alzheimer’s (still in the experimental phase).
4. Complementary approaches (to be discussed with a doctor)
Supplements :
Omega-3 (fish or food supplements).
Vitamin D3 (in case of deficiency).
Curcumin (turmeric), ginkgo biloba extracts (effectiveness unconfirmed, but often used).
Betaines (e.g. cynarin, found in artichokes), associated with memory.
Alternative medicine :
Acupuncture (effects on stress and general well-being).
Phytotherapy (e.g. ginkgo biloba, ginseng).
5. Environment and support:
Daily organisation:
Use diaries, to-do lists, electronic reminders to compensate for memory problems.
Psychological support:
Psychological support (cognitive behavioural therapy) can help manage associated anxiety or depression.
Help for family and friends:
For severe cases, relatives should be informed and involved in monitoring (medication, safety, daily activities).
6. Long-term prevention:
Regular monitoring:
Carry out periodic medical check-ups, particularly to monitor cardiovascular risk factors.
Prevent cerebral shock:
Wear protective gear (helmet) during activities with a risk of cranial trauma.
Avoid toxic substances:
Limit alcohol, stop smoking and avoid illegal drugs.
Conclusion:
Forgetfulness in men can be treated effectively by combining medical assessment, lifestyle changes, cognitive stimulation and social support. The aim is to slow the decline, improve quality of life and prevent complications. It is vital to consult a doctor as soon as persistent symptoms appear, so that the appropriate diagnosis and treatment can be made.
If the problems are severe or progressive, a neurologist or dementia specialist should be consulted for specialist follow-up.
